Sockit2me is our "resident expert" on this subject... Having knitted literally hundreds of socks using this method. He uses a 12" needle, but I know several knitters who use a 9"... Personal preference.
I have always used 9" for knitting mittens, but since knitting socks on the 12" needles, I find them slightly more comfortable.
Bamboo is not recommended for knitting socks because the needle to cable ratio is equal..... Your stitches will "stick" and not glide around easily.
I buy ChiaoGoo needles from handsome fibers. Great product, fast and free shipping and great customer service. Many also use the HiyaHiya and Addi small circs. Again, personal preference. Make sure you have a look at sockit2me's free pattern/tutorial... It will answer a lot of your questions.
http://www.knittingparadise.com/t-188670-1.html